What is pipeline corrosion?
The definition of pipeline corrosion is no different from the corrosion of any other structural material. It is defined as the chemical or electrochemical reaction of a material with its environment that results in deterioration of the material. This process can occur both internally, from substances transported within the pipeline, and externally, from environmental exposure, such as soil, water, or electrical interference. Corrosion is one of the most common and serious forms of pipeline anomalies, and if left unmanaged, it can compromise pipeline safety, leading to leaks, ruptures, or operational shutdowns.1,2,3
What are the types of pipeline corrosion?
Pipeline corrosion is generally categorized into internal and external corrosion, each with distinct causes and manifestations.
What are the risks of corrosion in pipelines?
Corrosion poses significant risks to pipeline integrity and safety. The most critical threat is the reduction of wall thickness, which weakens the pipeline and can lead to:
• Leaks – from perforation due to localized corrosion
• Ruptures – especially when corrosion interacts with welds or cracks
• Operational shutdowns1,2,3
In severe cases, corrosion can cause a running fracture, which spreads rapidly due to pressure decompression. Even minor defects can escalate if not managed properly.1,2,3
Fortunately, modern pipelines are equipped with protective measures, such as coatings, cathodic protection systems, and corrosion inhibitors. However, it should be noted that these systems are not infallible. To ensure long-term pipeline safety, pipeline operators must adopt a comprehensive corrosion management strategy that includes regular inspections, risk assessments, and mitigation plans.1,2,3
Check your knowledge about pipeline corrosion
Explore more on this topic
Pipeline Corrosion Management
Severe pipeline corrosion could lead failure, resulting in major equipment damage, environmental damage, safety incidents, or loss of life.
The Competence Club
Our pipeline training services with the Competence Club gives you the ability to grow in the pipeline engineering industry.
Source Reference
- The Encyclopedia of Pipeline Defects, ROSEN UK, Edition 3, 2017.
- Introduction to In-Line Inspection - Defects and Loads, Beller & Reber, 2023.
- Introduction to Pipeline Defects, Angus Patterson, The Competence Club, ROSEN, 2025.